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17 March 2011

Washington Post reporter suspended, apologizes for plagiarizing from Arizona Republic stories

NPR / National Public Radio (USA radio network)
Thursday 17 March 2011


Pulitizer Prize-Winning Reporter Apologizes For Plagiarizing

by Mark Memmott

Sari Horwitz of The Washington Post, who shared a Pulitzer Prize in 2002 for her work on problems in the child-welfare agencies of Washington, D.C., has been suspended by the Post for three months after it was learned that she copied substantial parts of stories by the Arizona Republic when she was reporting on the aftermath of the Jan. 8 shooting rampage in Tucson.

According to the Post, Horwitz issued a statement in which she says, in part:

    "I am deeply sorry. To our readers, my friends and colleagues, my editors, and to the paper I love, I want to apologize. ... Under the pressure of tight deadlines, I did something I have never done in my entire career. I used another newspaper's work as if it were my own. It was wrong. It was inexcusable. And it is one of the cardinal sins in journalism."

The Post says that earlier this month she lifted two paragraphs from one Republic story and 10 paragraphs from another. It has posted an "editor's note" apologizing to the Republic and its readers.

- 30 -

Messenger space probe about to orbit Mercury for year-long survey


Click images to enlarge.

JHU Gazette
(Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland USA)
Monday 14 March 2011


Messenger spacecraft is primed 

for orbit mission at Mercury





by Paulette Campbell 
Applied Physics Laboratory (APL)


On March 17, NASA’s Messenger spacecraft will execute a 15-minute maneuver that will place it into orbit about Mercury, making it the first craft ever to do so, and initiating a one-year science campaign to understand the innermost planet.

Antennas from each of the three Deep Space Network ground stations are on a round-the-clock vigil, allowing flight control engineers at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory to monitor Messenger on its final approach to Mercury.

APL built and operates the Messenger spacecraft and manages this Discovery-class mission for NASA.

On March 7, the spacecraft began executing the last cruise command sequence of the mission. This command load will execute until today, when the command sequence containing the orbit-insertion burn will start.

“This is a milestone event for our small, but highly experienced, operations team, marking the end of six and a half years of successfully shepherding the spacecraft through six planetary flybys, five major propulsive maneuvers and 16 trajectory-correction maneuvers, all while simultaneously preparing for orbit injection and primary mission operations,” said Messenger systems engineer Eric Finnegan, of APL. “Whatever the future holds, this team of highly dedicated engineers has done a phenomenal job methodically generating, testing and verifying commands to the spacecraft, getting Messenger where it is today.”

The mission operations team last week turned its attention to the final preparations for the insertion burn and to establishing nominal operations for the primary mission. As with the last three approaches to Mercury, the navigation team and the guidance and control team have been successfully using the solar radiation of the sun to carefully adjust the trajectory of the spacecraft toward the optimum point in space and time to start the orbit-insertion maneuver.

As of the most recent navigation report, on Feb. 22, the spacecraft was less than 5 kilometers, and less than three seconds, from the target arrival point.

“These figures place the spacecraft well within the target corridor for successful orbit insertion,” Finnegan said. “Additional body and solar-array attitude alternations will further refine this approach and nudge the spacecraft closer to the optimum target location. This approach will require the spacecraft to spend extended amounts of time at attitudes that do not support transmission of telemetry from the spacecraft, so monitoring of the spacecraft will be conducted with both telemetry and carrier signals.”

The in-flight preparations for this historic injection maneuver began on Feb. 8, when several heaters on the spacecraft were configured to condition the bipropellant used during the maneuver.

“Similar to preheating the diesel engine of a truck or car prior to starting in cold weather to allow ignition and prevent damage to the engine, the Messenger team turns on and off different heaters on the spacecraft so that the pressures for each of the two propellant species -- hydrazine and nitrogen tetroxide -- are at the optimum ratio for safe and efficient maneuver execution,” Finnegan said.

On March 2, the engineering and operations teams convened the last detailed review of the injection command sequence. After three iterations of this command sequence, countless Monte Carlo simulations by the guidance and control team, numerous propulsion modeling simulations and more than 30 hardware simulations covering all manner of nominal and anomalous operating configurations, the sequence and the associated fault protection configuration were given the green light last week to start final preparations for upload to the spacecraft.

“The cruise phase of the Messenger mission has reached the endgame,” said Messenger principal investigator Sean Solomon, of the Carnegie Institution of Washington (DC). “Orbit insertion is the last hurdle to a new game level: operation of the first spacecraft in orbit about the solar system’s innermost planet. The Messenger team is ready and eager for orbital operations to begin.”

Messenger -- an acronym for MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging -- is a NASA-sponsored scientific investigation of the planet Mercury and the first space mission designed to orbit the planet closest to the sun. The spacecraft launched on Aug. 3, 2004, and executed flybys of Earth, Venus and Mercury en route to its target planet.

For more on the Messenger mission, go to messenger.jhuapl.edu/mer_orbit.html.

16 March 2011

How our side wages war against the Taliban in Afghanistan / public opinions about 2 very successful British Army snipers


Click on image to enlarge.


The Telegraph (newspaper UK)
Sunday 13 March 2011

book review:

Dead Men Risen: The snipers' story

Operating from a remote patrol base in Helmand, two British snipers were responsible for killing 75 Taliban fighters in just 40 days. In one remarkable feat of marksmanship, two insurgents were dispatched with a single bullet.

By Toby Harnden

The arrival at the newly-established Patrol Base Shamal Storrai (Pashto for “North Star”) in late August 2009 of Serjeant Tom Potter and Rifleman Mark Osmond marked the start of an astonishing episode in the history of British Army sniping.

Within 40 days, the two marksmen from 4 Rifles, part of the Welsh Guards Battle group, had achieved 75 confirmed kills with 31 attributed to Potter and 44 to Osmond. Each kill was chalked up as a little stick man on the beam above the firing position in their camouflaged sangar beside the base gate – a stick man with no head denoting a target eliminated with a shot to the skull.

Osmond, 25, was an engaging, fast-talking enthusiast, eager to display his encyclopedic knowledge of every specification and capability of his equipment. He had stubbornly remained a rifleman because he feared that being promoted might lead to his being taken away from sniping, a job he loved and lived for. Potter, 30, was more laid back, projecting a calm professionalism and quiet confidence in the value of what he did.

Potter had notched up seven confirmed kills in Bara in 2007 and 2008 while Osmond’s total was 23. Both were members of the Green Jackets team that won the 2006 British Army Sniper Championships.

On one occasion they killed eight Taliban in two hours, ‘I wasn’t comfortable with it at first,’ said Osmond, ‘you start wondering is it really necessary?’ But the reaction of the locals soon persuaded him. ‘We had people coming up to us afterwards, not scared to talk to us. They felt they were being protected’.

Most of the kills were at a range of 1,200 metres using the 7.62 mm L96 sniper rifle.

The snipers used suppressors, reducing the sound of the muzzle blast. Although a ballistic crack could be heard, it was almost impossible to work out where the shot was coming from. With the bullet travelling at three times the speed of sound, a victim was unlikely to hear anything before he died.

Walkie-talkie messages revealed that the Taliban thought they were being hit from helicopters. The longest-range shot taken was when Potter killed an insurgent at 1,430 metres away. But the most celebrated shot of their tour was by Osmond at a range of just 196 metres.

On September 12th, a known Taliban commander appeared on the back of a motorcycle with a passenger riding pillion. There was a British patrol in the village of Gorup-e Shesh Kalay and under the rules of engagement, the walkie-talkie the Taliban pair were carrying was designated a hostile act. As they drove off, Osmond fired warning shots with his pistol and then picked up his L96, the same weapon – serial number 0166 – he had used in Iraq and on the butt of which he had written, ‘I love u 0166’.

Taking deliberate aim, he fired a single shot. The bike tumbled and both men fell onto the road and lay there motionless. When the British patrol returned, they checked the men and confirmed they were both dead, with large holes through their heads.

The 7.62 mm bullet Osmond had fired had passed through the heads of both men. He had achieved the rare feat of ‘one shot, two kills’ known in the sniping business as ‘a Quigley’. The term comes from the 1990 film Quigley Down Under in which the hero, played by Tom Selleck, uses an old Sharps rifle to devastating effect.

Potter and Osmond’s working day would begin around 7 am and end a dozen or so hours later at last light. Up to about 900 metres, they would aim at an insurgent’s head, beyond that at the chest.

Often, Potter would take one side of a compound and Osmond the other. Any insurgent moving from one side to the other was liable to be shot by the second sniper if the first had not already got him. Each used the scopes on the rifles to spot for the other man, identifying targets with nicknames to do with their appearance.

A fighter wearing light blue was dubbed ‘the Virgin Mary’ and one clad in what looked like sackcloth was referred to as ‘Hesco man’, after the colour of the base’s Hesco barriers. Both the Virgin Mary and Hesco man were killed.

Others were given a nickname because of their activities, like Hashish man, a Taliban who doubled up as a drug dealer. Occasionally, insurgents got posthumous monikers. If one target presented himself, both snipers aimed at him simultaneously in a coordinated shoot.

“Everybody you hit they drop in a different way,’ says Potter. ‘We did a co-ord shoot on to the one bloke and he just looked like he just fell through a trap door. So we called him Trapdoor Man.”

Major Mark Gidlow-Jackson, their company commander, describes Potter and Osmond as the “epitome of the thinking riflemen” that his regiment sought to produce. “They know the consequences of what they’re doing and they are very measured men. They are both highly dedicated to the art of sniping. They’re both quiet, softly spoken, utterly charming, two of the nicest men in the company, if the most dangerous.”

Serjeant Potter and Rifleman Osmond are identified by pseudonyms for security reasons.


Dead Men Risen, published by Quercus Publishing at £18.99 RRP, is available from Telegraph Books at £14.99 + £1.25 p&p. Call 0844 871 1515 or visit books.telegraph.co.uk

- 30 -

COMMENTS:

Jack Cope
2 hours ago
Recommended by
1 person
1) The Taliban kill women and children on purpose, these guys don't, they kill killers. Who are the war criminals again?

2) I doubt they enjoy it and the army weeds out nutters like that pretty early. Anyone who has been in the military will tell you dark humor is a way of getting over the shite you feel

3) For whatever reason NATO/UN is in Iraq/Afghanistan, a job has to be done and it's owed to the people to do it there for the people who are there.

And before you start calling me some sort of right wing loon, I'm a Muslim and unpolitical to the core.
 

Jack Cope
 

2 hours ago
Oh please, why bring Islam up? Yes, such actions are done by a minority of fanatics. Please provide evidence to your claims that it is 'state sponsored' in any of those countries. Even if it *was* state sponsored, those countries governments make a fraction of the 1.57 billion Muslims in the world, most if not all of whom (self and every other Muslim I know) deplore the acts of scum like that Taliban. Ish, I get fed up of people spouting that sort of shite...
anonymot
 

2 hours ago
They sound like common killers to me. They obviously enjoy it. And what they use for justification would normally make them candidates for a war crimes trial. They're no better than the Taliban. Being a soldier is heroic in times of a real war. What's going on in Iraq and Afghanistan is just a leftover oil grab. And it's a real magnet for professional killers. Good practice for postwar criminalities.
Jack Cope
2 hours ago
Good to see and even better to see the locals appreciate it. People have to understand, the locals don't want the Taliban any more than anyone else! NATO went to Afghanistan for whatever reason and now should stay there until the job is done. I think it is owed to the Afghans to say the least.

And I don't see why people keep having to bring Islam into this, the Taliban are not Islamic, for starters they are drug pushers, close schools, oppress women and kill civilians. None of that is Islamic.
David Rairigh
3 hours ago
Recommended by
2 people
while I appreciate a quality marksmen I'm troubled with the excuses for American and British troops to even be in Afghanistan. The members of the Taliban are probably pretty bad people but I don't see it as either the American's or the British's job to remove them from a place that isn't America or Britain.
Report Recommend Reply
EXIT102
3 hours ago
Recommended by
1 person
Conservatives hate stories like this. They love misogynistic Taliban guys who throw stones at women in town squares. And a religion that says "strap it on baby" when they put on their explosives. I swear that I'm not generalizing.

These snipers are my heroes. Especially the headshots.

Former acid-head.
mum_of_tud
17 hours ago
Recommended by
1 person
Book available £14.99 + £1.25 p&p...

so nice to see the young killers making a bit of dough from it all
border_reiver
13 hours ago
Recommended by
1 person
Couldn't agree more.
stuart1648
23 hours ago
Why dont the Taliban snipe back?This low tech stuff does not represent the Wests advantage;electronics etc do.
Ikenuma
7 hours ago
Recommended by
2 people
They do snipe back... in fact they are very effective at it. Why do you think we do?
border_reiver
13 hours ago
It's the low tech stuff that wins wars like this - assuming they can be won. More importantly low tech minimizes the possibility and impact of collateral damage.
keltec9mm
1 day ago
11 people
I guess the only place you Brits can learn to shoot is the Army, since you banned 90% of all guns....How's that working out for you? You need to read the story of Iain Harrison, he moved to the US and won the competition, and reality show "Top Shot" When handguns were banned in your country, he turned his guns in to the police,while wearing his Army officers uniform, your "Bobby's" didn't get the irony
Ikenuma
7 hours ago
Recommended by
8 people
It is working quite well for us thanks.

Having guns when plainly they are not needed contributes to a lot of your country's ills...
Abiss
1 day ago
Recommended by
11 people
I see. Kills with a rifle, the definition of discriminating = bad. Strapping bomb to yourself and killing everyone in the vicinity = good.

I think the only shame in the article is that the Brits don't have MORE capable snipers in play. This is nice, but just 'a good start' really.
nusrat khan
1 day ago
Recommended by 8 people
If the snipers were Israelis you, and other British journalists like you, would have written a war crimes article.
Such blatant hypocrisy? Have you no shame?
cinesimonj
1 day ago
Recommended by 6 people
They're not indiscriminately killing children and using banned weapons such as phosphorous (again indiscriminately) against innocent civilians, mister ignorant.
Have you no brains?
markbuehner
11 hours ago
Recommended by 1 person
phosphorous isn't banned, its used in every flare and smoke shell ever made by any army. If the Israelis wanted to kill civilians they could do a far better job of it without resorting to using flares to burn people. Its silly on its face.
joeybegood
1 day ago
Recommended by 2 people
"under the rules of engagement, the walkie-talkie the Taliban pair were carrying was designated a hostile act".

That's a lot of words to convey the idea of "shoot whoever you like".

Is there any reason, under international law,why British soldiers who do this, and the 'brass' that give the orders, should not be in the dock for war crimes?

I don't think so.
joeybegood
1 day ago
Recommended by 2 people
Hi Toby,

I understand you are an apologist for the war profiteers, but do you have to be quite so blatant about it?
GarandFan
1 day ago
Recommended by 2 people
Uraaaah!
romeoalpha
1 day ago
Recommended by 4 people
This is music to my ears - just can't believe these guys aren't Paras!
gruntfuttock
1 day ago
Recommended by 8 people
It is one thing to kill someone who is firing at you, quite another to execute someone regardless of how much they deserve it.

I had a friend who had been put in this position and later on in life he found it very difficult to come to terms with it.

These men know what they are doing and are far braver than any gung hoe type.

Good luck lads.

Who's going to try for THREE.


Report Recommend Reply
Happeh
1 day ago
Recommended by 3 people
I see the pro murder propaganda group made certain the tone of the comments changed.

;)
jules
1 day ago
Recommended by 14 people
Don't let the government read the "two dead one bullet" bit or reductions in ammunition will be written into the defence cuts!
fpbiv375
1 day ago
Recommended by
26 people
I'll buy the ammo fellas! Keep picking them off!

14 March 2011

Happy Pi Day! Eat an apple Pi! Recite 22,514 digits of the decimal expansion of Pi!

Click image for larger.

Today's also Albert Einstein's birthday.


Wikipedia:

Pi Day is a holiday commemorating the mathematical constant π (pi). Pi Day is celebrated on March 14 (or 3/14 in month/day date format), since 3, 1 and 4 are the three most significant digits of π in the decimal form. In 2009, the United States House of Representatives supported the designation of Pi Day.[2]

Pi Approximation Day is held on July 22 (or 22/7 in day/month date format), since the fraction 22⁄7 is a common approximation of π.[3] This date is also referred to as "European Pi Appreciation Day" because of the European practice of placing the day before the month.

History

Larry Shaw created Pi Day in 1989.[4] The holiday was celebrated at the San Francisco Exploratorium, where Shaw worked as a physicist,[5] with staff and public marching around one of its circular spaces, then consuming fruit pies.[6] The Exploratorium continues to hold Pi Day celebrations.[7]

On Pi Day 2004, Daniel Tammet recited 22,514 decimal digits of π.[8]

On March 12, 2009, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a non-binding resolution (HRES 224),[2] recognizing March 14, 2009, as National Pi Day.[9]

For Pi Day 2010, Google presented a Google Doodle celebrating the holiday, with the word Google laid over images of circles and pi symbols.[10]

Date Abstractions from Pi

Pi Day is observed on March 14 because of the date's representation as 3/14 in month/day date format. This representation adheres to the commonly used approximation of 3.14 for π.

The fractional approximation of π = 22⁄7 resembles the date July 22 in the day/month format, where it is written 22/7. Pi Approximation Day is therefore celebrated on July 22.

In 2015, Pi Day will reflect five digits of π (3.1415) as 3/14/15 in month/day/year date format.

Celebration

There are many ways of celebrating Pi Day. Some of them include eating pie (pi and pie being homophones) and discussing the relevance of π.[1]

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology often mails its application decision letters to prospective students for delivery on Pi Day.[11]

bus crash shatters New York City's Chinese community

 The New York Times

Sunday 13 March 2011

Chinese Community Devastated After Bus Crash

David Karp/Associated Press
Emergency personnel at the scene of a bus crash that killed 14 in the Bronx on Saturday. Some of the victims — injured and dead alike — still had not been identified by late Sunday.

The arc of some of their lives followed a common, defining narrative of the immigrant experience. Two of the men had worked in restaurants, one as a cook and the other as a waiter in Manhattan’s Chinatown. Their wives had worked in garment factories. A fifth victim had worked for a grocery store, and lived in a Chinese enclave in Brooklyn.

Michael Appleton for The New York Times
Chung H. Ninh, a survivor of the crash, had planned to take the same bus route back to Mohegan Sun to gamble on Sunday. But he felt tired and postponed the trip.
Joseph Hsu/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
The cause of a deadly bus crash in the Bronx was under investigation Sunday.
They had all come here in pursuit of a better life, and decades later, had enough so they could retire, spend time with their families and take an occasional trip to the casinos. But their lives came to an abrupt, uncommon end: They were among the 14 passengers who were killed in the brutal crash of a bus this weekend as it returned at dawn to Chinatown from the Mohegan Sun casino in Connecticut. Besides those who died, 18 more were wounded, several of them critically. 

The crash had a devastating effect on members of the city’s Chinese population; if they did not know someone on the bus, they feared that they did. 

On Sunday, people visited two Bronx hospitals where the injured were taken and went to the morgue to identify the dead. Others crowded the Fifth Precinct station house in Chinatown seeking information. 

A popular dry cleaning store on Madison Street in Chinatown failed to open on Saturday, and then again on Sunday, leaving customers and neighbors to wonder whether its owner was among the victims. 

Complicating matters, some of the victims — injured and dead alike — still had not been identified by late Sunday, leaving city officials to wonder whether their relatives and friends were hesitating to step forward for fear of revealing their illegal immigration status, and prompting Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg to issue a reassuring appeal. 

“You should not worry about your documentation or anything like that,” Mr. Bloomberg said after visiting some survivors at Jacobi Medical Center in the Bronx. 

“The police don’t ask that, but really do need help finding out who some of these people are.” 

Law enforcement officials said they were still investigating the cause of the crash. The driver of the bus told investigators that he had lost control after a passing tractor-trailer on Interstate 95 clipped the bus. But passengers told the authorities that the driver had swerved several times before the bus toppled on its side, straying from the traffic lane and running over rumble strips at the highway’s shoulder. 

The bus skidded about 500 feet, first along a guardrail, before violently plowing into a support pole of a large highway sign. The pole sliced through the bus, shearing it in half and turning the vehicle into a bloody tableau of twisted metal and mangled bodies. 

The driver, Ophadell Williams, was in stable condition at St. Barnabas Hospital in the Bronx on Sunday, a hospital spokesman said. Two passengers were in serious condition there. 

As investigators sought evidence of culpability, the Chinese population in New York was cast into a state of confusion and mourning. 

Sai Ling, 57, lost her parents in the crash. Sitting in her apartment on the 31st floor of Confucius Plaza, an apartment complex in Chinatown, she frequently broke down i
n tears as she talked about her parents, both Chinese immigrants. 

Her father, Kam Ng, 81, a retired restaurant cook, regularly visited Mohegan Sun, Ms. Ling said. He would often go on his gambling trips with friends; his wife, Yuk Ng, 79, a retired garment factory worker, preferred to stay at their home on Long Island and play mah-jongg. 

But in recent weeks, Ms. Ng, who had sunk into a deep sadness after the death of her sister two months ago, had been regularly accompanying her husband on his casino jaunts.
“She was nice to everybody; he was very quiet, very traditional,” Ms. Ling said. “They were so sweet.” 

As Ms. Ling spoke, the family’s community rallied around. A steady stream of neighbors and friends arrived with food, and the phone rang frequently. 

“She went, played at the casino, and died,” Ms. Ling said. “I think she’s happy. She took him with her; they went together.” 

At Jacobi Medical Center in the Bronx, six passengers were still in very critical condition, four of them on breathing equipment, hospital officials said. The patients were suffering a range of injuries, including head wounds, multiple bone fractures and even multiple amputations. 

One patient, a 50-year-old man who had a breathing tube down his throat and was unable to speak, still remained unidentified on Sunday evening, officials said. 

Among the dead in the crash on Saturday was another elderly couple: Thomas and Maylin Wong, who every Friday night left their modest fourth-floor apartment on Mott Street in Chinatown and walked two blocks to board the bus to Mohegan Sun, said Mokit Lee, 42, a niece of Ms. Wong. Mr. Wong was a retired waiter, his wife a retired factory worker in the garment district. 

“There wasn’t much else for them to do around here, so this was their entertainment,” Ms. Lee said, standing outside the station house in Chinatown, where she stopped on Sunday, looking for information on her relatives. “They weren’t big gamblers — just chump change — but they enjoyed it.” 

She and neighbors said the Wongs had lived most of their lives on Mott Street, raised two children and always took care of children in the extended family, including several grandchildren. 

“My aunt had a bad knee, and we told her to stop going, but she wouldn’t leave her husband’s side,” she said. She added, her voice somber: “Now she’ll never leave his side anymore.” 

The accident will probably prompt renewed government scrutiny of the scores of short- and long-haul discount bus companies that operate out of Chinatown. The bus involved in the crash was owned by World Wide Tours, based in Gowanus, Brooklyn. The accident was the company’s fourth recorded crash in as many years, records show. 

Mr. Bloomberg said it was “a constant battle” for regulators to ensure that discount bus companies obey safety standards. 

But in spite of the crash on Saturday, and the longstanding, mixed reputations of some of Chinatown’s bus companies, the buses continued to depart on Sunday with many seats occupied. 

Even one of the survivors of the crash was so undaunted by the experience that he hopped another bus to Mohegan Sun on Sunday. 

Bernardo Garcia, 50, said he usually made the trip several times a week and was not going to let the accident stop him. 

Another survivor, Chung H. Ninh, 59, an unemployed chef, had been planning to take the same bus route and head back to Mohegan Sun. But at dusk, he said he felt tired and would postpone the trip until another day. 

“I’m not scared to go back,” he said in an interview. Except for some scratches on his hand, there was little evidence that he had just survived a bus crash. “I used to practice kung fu, and that’s why I’m so strong.” 

Anyway, he added, he lost $200 on Friday night and was down to his last $600. He wanted to win his money back. 


Reporting was contributed by David W. Chen, Corey Kilgannon, Juliet Linderman, Mick Meenan, Colin Moynihan, Jeffrey E. Singer and Rebecca White.

13 March 2011

PizzaQ! What's it say?

星姿采,與你分享中港台藝人於「衣」、「食」、「住」、「行」的心得。以零距離的方式,探討他們獨特的品味選擇和生活態度。

更多有關資料

參加今集答中有獎

第六集

金神體育館

無 論是現場音樂會及娛樂表演,最熱門演唱會及頂尖體壇賽事,位於康州擁有 10,000 個座位的 ******* *** 金神大賭場體育館,坐享演藝娛樂業的領先地位。金神大賭場始終致力於引進頂尖的亞洲娛樂表演以服務華人貴賓,同時成為亞洲巨星最愛的演唱會場地。
包括許冠傑、譚詠麟、陳慧琳、周杰倫、黎明、蔡依林等中港台知名歌星,都曾帶給大家一個難以忘懷的歡樂時光。


================

******* ***
indicates where the text used Roman alphabet characters.


What's it say?
Not a word-for-word translation, but the general subject and gist of the Chinese text.


HINT: This PizzaQ is inspired by a big news story that just happened.

6 slices with Shitake mushrooms and endives.

12 March 2011

Mimi our gorgeous Angora goes exploring as the snow melts

Click to enlarge.

Mimi is a somewhat traumatized and neurotic Shelter Cat -- though how anyone could abandon such a remarkably gorgeous cat thoroughly mystifies me.

I lobbied to name her after Mimi, the Free Spirit heroine of the opera "La Boheme" ("The Hippy Chick").

She tends to keep her distance from humans, but at least once a day she has these fugues of needing human contact, which she expresses by wildly running circles around my ankles.

topical, informative: SCRAM = Safety Control Rod Axe Man

Wikipedia:

SCRAM

A scram or SCRAM is an emergency shutdown of a nuclear reactor – though the term has been extended to cover shutdowns of other complex operations, such as server farms and even large model railroads (see Tech Model Railroad Club). In commercial reactor operations, this emergency shutdown is often referred to as a "SCRAM" at boiling water reactors (BWR), and as a "reactor trip" at pressurized water reactors (PWR).[1]

Mechanisms

In any reactor, a SCRAM is achieved by a large insertion of negative reactivity. In light water reactors, this is achieved by inserting neutron-absorbing control rods into the core, although the mechanism by which rods are inserted depends on the type of reactor. In PWRs, the control rods are held above a reactor's core by electric motors against both their own weight and a powerful spring. Any cutting of the electric current releases the rods. Another design uses electromagnets to hold the rods suspended, with any cut to electric current resulting in an immediate and automatic control rod insertion. A SCRAM rapidly (less than four seconds, by test on many reactors) releases the control rods from those motors and allows their weight and the spring to drive them into the reactor core, thus halting the nuclear reaction (by absorbing neutrons) as rapidly as possible. In BWRs, the control rods are inserted up from underneath the reactor vessel. In this case a hydraulic control unit with a pressurized storage tank provides the force to rapidly insert the control rods upon any interruption of the electric current, again within four seconds. A typical large BWR will have 185 of these control rods. In both the PWR and the BWR there are secondary systems (and often even tertiary systems) that will insert control rods in the event that primary rapid insertion does not promptly and fully actuate.

Liquid neutron absorbers are also used in rapid shutdown systems for light water reactors. Following SCRAM, if the reactor (or section(s) thereof) are not below the shutdown margin (they are still critical), the operators can inject solutions containing neutron poisons directly into the reactor coolant. Neutron poisons are water-based solutions that contain chemicals that absorb neutrons, such as common household borax, sodium polyborate, boric acid, or gadolinium nitrate, causing a decrease in neutron multiplication, and thus shutting down the reactor without use of the control rods. In the PWR, these neutron absorbing solutions are stored in pressurized tanks (called accumulators) that are attached to the primary coolant system via valves; a varying level of neutron absorbent is kept within the primary coolant at all times, and is increased using the accumulators in the event of a failure of all of the control rods to insert, which will promptly bring the reactor below the shutdown margin. In the BWR, soluble neutron absorbers are found within the Standby Liquid Control System, which uses redundant battery-operated injection pumps, or, in the latest models, high pressure nitrogen gas to inject the neutron absorber solution into the reactor vessel against any pressure within. Because they may delay the restart of a reactor, these systems are only used to shut down the reactor if control rod insertion fails. This concern is especially significant in a BWR, where injection of liquid boron would cause precipitation of solid boron compounds on fuel cladding,[2] which would prevent the reactor from restarting until the boron deposits were removed.

Some modern naval nuclear power reactors have, in addition to scramming, the ability to automatically run the electric motors in the inward direction at high speeds for a few seconds, thus driving the rods into the core a short distance while leaving them latched to their motors. This "fast insertion" partially shuts down the reactor while leaving it ready to quickly restart -- a consideration much more important in a warship than in a commercial power plant (also see Nuclear navy).

Reactor response

Most neutrons in a reactor are prompt neutrons; that is, neutrons produced directly by a fission reaction. On average, these neutrons live for about 13 μs, which allows the insertion of neutron absorbers to affect the reactor quickly. As a result, once the reactor has been scrammed, the reactor power will drop significantly almost instantaneously. However, a small fraction (about 0.65%) of neutrons in a typical power reactor comes from the radioactive decay of a fission product. These delayed neutrons will limit the rate at which a nuclear reactor will shut down.[3]

Decay heat

On a SCRAM for a reactor that held a constant power for a long period of time (greater than 100 hrs), about 7% of the steady-state power will initially remain after shutdown due to the decay of these fission products. For a reactor that has not had a constant power history, the exact percentage will be determined by the concentrations and half-lives of the individual fission products in the core at the time of the SCRAM. The power produced decay heat slowly falls with the decay of fission products.

Etymology

Scram is usually cited as being an acronym for safety control rod axe man, however the term is probably a backronym. The actual axe man at the first chain-reaction was Norman Hilberry. In a letter to Dr. Raymond Murray (January 21, 1981), Hilberry wrote:

    When I showed up on the balcony on that December 2, 1942 afternoon, I was ushered to the balcony rail, handed a well sharpened fireman's ax and told that was it, "if the safety rods fail to operate, cut that manila rope." The safety rods, needless to say, worked, the rope was not cut... I don't believe I have ever felt quite as foolish as I did then. ...I did not get the SCRAM [Safety Control Rod Axe Man] story until many years after the fact. Then one day one of my fellows who had been on Zinn's construction crew called me Mr. Scram. I asked him, "How come?" And then the story.

The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission verifies that this etymology of SCRAM is the correct one in their glossary, stating:

    "Also known as a “reactor trip,” “scram” is actually an acronym for “safety control rod axe man,” the worker assigned to insert the emergency rod on the first reactor (the Chicago Pile) in the United States."[4]

Articles from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) indicate that the term stands for "safety cut rope axe man", referring in that case to the early neutronic safety mechanism of using a person equipped with an axe to cut the rope suspending the control rods over the Chicago Pile nuclear reactor, at which point the rods would fall by gravity into the reactor core, shutting the reactor down. Specifically, Wallace Koehler, a technician working for the Manhattan Project at Chicago Pile 1, under Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, and later a research physicist at ORNL, reportedly said that Fermi coined the term as this acronym. Although Koehler did not serve as a rope-cutting control rod axe-man, he was responsible for dumping a bucket of aqueous cadmium solution into the reactor if reactor period entered into the sub-optimal range.[5]

Leona Marshall Libby, who was present that day at the Chicago Pile, recalled[6] that the term was coined by Volney Wilson:

    [T]he safety rods were coated with cadmium foil, and this metal absorbed so many neutrons that the chain reaction was stopped. Volney Wilson called these "scram" rods. He said that the pile had "scrammed," the rods had "scrammed" into the pile.

Others [who?] have different theories as to the origins of "SCRAM". An alternative derivation is that it stood for Simulated Chicago Reactor Axe Man, while, allegedly, U.S. Navy reactor operator circles have defined SCRAM as "super critical reactivity abatement mechanism", while further sources suggest that SCRAM refers to "Start Cutting Right Away Man". One common myth is that "SCRAM" refers to operators either running ("scramming") from the premises (or to their emergency stations) in the event that the "SCRAM" switch is actuated. This explanation is unlikely, since – especially in modern reactors – operators do neither. Instead they remain in the control room in the event the reactor is scrammed, or a more serious event happens, as persons are needed to monitor and control the reactor at all times.



oy vey! / Fukushima 1 nuclear plant explosion

Click image for larger, more detailed.


(View in FULLSCREEN mode.) You don't need to speak Japanese to appreciate this.

===============

Reuters (UK newswire)
Saturday 12 March 2011 10:53 EST


Q&A: 

Dangers posed by Japan's quake-hit atom plant

Related News

    * Japan's nuclear power operator has checkered past
      10:22am EST
    * Analysis: Nuclear power growth at risk if Japan plant leaks
      9:48am EST
    * No repeat of Chernobyl disaster for Japan: experts
      9:47am EST
    * Snapshot: Developments after major Japan earthquake
      9:46am EST
    * World sends disaster relief teams to Japan
      9:21am EST

Analysis & Opinion

    * Tragic quake may add to inflation pressures
    * Japan Fund: Market impact of earthquake should be limited


(Reuters) -- Analysts and industry representatives gave different assessments of the potential dangers after an explosion blew the roof off one of Japan's nuclear power plants damaged in Friday's massive earthquake.

It underlined the fluid and unpredictable situation at the Fukushima Daiichi facility north of Tokyo, from which the Japanese government said radiation leaked.

The critical issue is what has happened or is happening with the reactor fuel -- which contains almost all the radioactivity in the plant -- and whether it is damaged.

"We don't know enough about what the status of the fuel is in the reactor core," Mark Hibbs of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace said. "The issue is whether the core is uncovered, whether the fuel is breaking up or being damaged, or whether the fuel is melting."

WHAT HAPPENED AT THE PLANT?

The blast at the 40-year-old Daichi 1 reactor came as plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Co (Tepco) worked to reduce pressures in the core after the total loss of power needed to keep water circulating to prevent it from overheating.

It led to fears of a disastrous meltdown at the plant, which automatically shut down after the quake, even though the government insisted that radiation levels were low.

"The most probable (cause of the explosion) is the coolant, particularly if it's water, can overheat and turn to steam more rapidly than it was designed to cope with," said nuclear fuel technology professor Timothy Abram at Manchester University.

The cause and exact location of the blast still needs to be established, said nuclear physics professor Paddy Regan at the University of Surrey. "So far it looks like it's not the reactor core that's affected, which would be good news."

The World Nuclear Association, a London-based industry body, said the blast was probably due to hydrogen igniting and that this was unlikely to cause a big accident by itself.

"It is obviously an hydrogen explosion," communications director Ian Hore-Lacy said. "If the hydrogen has ignited, then it is gone, it doesn't pose any further threat."

HOW SERIOUS COULD IT BE?

Views differ. Stratfor, a risk consultancy, said the blast appeared to have caused a reactor meltdown, but this was contradicted by others who dismissed any comparisons with the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster in Ukraine.

"The reactor fuel appears to have at least partially melted, and the subsequent explosion has shattered the walls and roof of the containment vessel," Stratfor said in an analysis.

"There have been reports of "white smoke," perhaps burning concrete, coming from the scene of the explosion, indicating a containment breach and the almost certain escape of significant amounts of radiation."

But Abram, the Manchester professor, said it was unlikely it would develop into anything more serious, even though this would depend on the integrity of the fuel.

He believed it would be "pretty unlikely" that the fuel itself had been significantly damaged, but if this had happened, some radioactive material might be released into the plant's primary circuit.

In comments that appeared to back up this view, Japan's top government spokesman said the plant's concrete building collapsed in the blast, but the reactor container inside did not explode.

The spokesman said Tepco, the operator, planned to fill the leaking reactor with sea water to cool it down and reduce pressure.

Carnegie's Hibbs said: "If they are suggesting that the reactor vessel is intact and that they have a way to get cold water into the core of the reactor to cool that core down, that is very good news indeed."

(Writing by Fredrik Dahl; Editing by Matthew Jones)

- 30 -


11 March 2011

NASA Messenger Probe fires engines, slows to enter orbit of Mercury

Click image to enlarge.

Astronomy Magazine
Thursday 10 March 2011


Messenger pobe poised 
for Mercury orbit insertion

by NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

After more than a dozen laps through the inner solar system, NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft will move into orbit around Mercury on March 17, 2011. The durable spacecraft — carrying seven science instruments and fortified against the blistering environs near the Sun — will be the first to orbit the innermost planet.

At 8:45 p.m. EDT, MESSENGER — having pointed its largest thruster very close to the direction of travel — will fire that thruster for nearly 14 minutes, with other thrusters firing for an additional minute, slowing the spacecraft by 1,929 mph (862 meters per second) and consuming 31 percent of the propellant that the spacecraft carried at launch. Less than 9.5 percent of the usable propellant at the start of the mission will remain after completing the orbit insertion maneuver, but the spacecraft will still have plenty of propellant for future orbit correction maneuvers.

The orbit insertion will place the spacecraft into a 12-hour orbit about Mercury with a 124-mile (200 kilometers) minimum altitude. At the time of orbit insertion, MESSENGER will be 28,670,000 miles (46,140,000 km) from the Sun and 96,350,000 miles (155,060,000 km) from Earth.

MESSENGER has been on a 6-year mission to become the first spacecraft to orbit Mercury. The spacecraft followed a path through the inner solar system, including one flyby of Earth, two flybys of Venus, and three flybys of Mercury. This impressive journey is returning the first new spacecraft data from Mercury since the Mariner 10 mission more than 30 years ago.

On March 7, antennas from each of the three Deep Space Network (DSN) ground stations began continuous monitoring, allowing flight control engineers at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory to observe MESSENGER on its final approach to Mercury. The spacecraft also began executing the last cruise command sequence of the mission, when the command sequence containing the orbit-insertion burn will start.

"This is a milestone event for our small, but highly experienced, operations team, marking the end of 6½ years of successfully shepherding the spacecraft through six planetary flybys, five major propulsive maneuvers, and 16 trajectory-correction maneuvers, all while simultaneously preparing for orbit injection and primary mission operations," said MESSENGER Systems Engineer Eric Finnegan. "Whatever the future holds, this team of highly dedicated engineers has done a phenomenal job methodically generating, testing, and verifying commands to the spacecraft, getting MESSENGER where it is today."

"The cruise phase of the MESSENGER mission has reached the end game," adds MESSENGER Principal Investigator Sean Solomon, of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. "Orbit insertion is the last hurdle to a new game level, operation of the first spacecraft in orbit about the solar system's innermost planet. The MESSENGER team is ready and eager for orbital operations to begin."

To learn more about the MESSENGER mission, pick up the April 2011 issue of Astronomy, on newsstands now.
- 30 -


statue of the drowned poet Shelley at Oxford

Click image to enlarge.

The Romantic poet Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792 – 8 July 1822) and two companions drowned sailing on Shelley's yacht in a ferocious squall 10 miles off the coast of Italy. The yacht, built to Shelley's design, may not have been very seaworthy, and Shelley and his companions were not good sailors. A number of conspiracy theories sprang up about the drowning; in a conservative British society, Shelley's notoriously libertine life, sexual and romantic activities, and heretical atheistic ideas made him powerful enemies.

Shelley's clothed body washed ashore at Viareggio. He was buried, but then disinterred and his body cremated in a small ceremony on the beach. As the flames consumed the body, his friend Edward Trelawny removed Shelley's heart, and gave it to Mary Shelley, who kept it for the rest of her life. Shelley's heart was eventually buried with their son in England.

Shelley and a classmate were expelled from University College, Oxford for refusing to acknowledge or deny authorship of an anonymous pamphlet, "The Necessity of Atheism." The statue was first intended for the site of Shelley's ashes in Rome, but University College erected a memorial chamber to Shelley with the statue as centerpiece. It is not a public room, but can be viewed by request.

In 2008, Oxford's Bodlean Library published a new edition of "Frankenstein; or, The Modern Promethus" (1818) naming Shelley as co-author of the novel with his wife Mary (Wollstonecraft) Shelley.

10 March 2011

Neon PizzaQ! What does it say? What lingo is it in?

Click image to enlarge maybe.

One entire pizza with your choice of 4 toppings.

What lingo is this in?

What does it say?

the wheellock pistol / shoot one-handed, always ready to fire

Click on image to enlarge and see more detail.

The exterior of a wheellock mechanism from a "puffer" or pistol of about 1580. (Photo by Nick Michael / Wikipedia)

The wheellock was a major step forward in the development of firearms. It was the first pistol always ready to fire (if it was loaded with powder and ball). The user of earlier pistols -- the matchlock -- had first to insert a burning rope fuse before a session of firing.

Wikipedia:

The mechanism is so-called because it uses a rotating steel wheel to provide ignition. Developed around AD 1500, it was used alongside the matchlock and was later superseded by the snaphance (1560s) and the flintlock (c. 1600).
 
The wheellock works by spinning a spring-loaded steel wheel against a piece of (iron) pyrite to generate intense sparks which ignite gunpowder in a pan, which flashes through a touchhole to ignite the main charge in the barrel. The pyrite is clamped in the vise jaws on a spring-loaded arm or 'dog' which rests on the pan cover. When the trigger is pulled the pan cover automatically opens and the wheel spins as the pyrite is pressed into contact.

A wheellock firearm can be instantly readied and fired even one-handed, in contrast to the then-common matchlock firearms which must have a burning cord of slow-match ready if the gun might be needed, and which demand the operator's full attention and two hands to operate. The wheellock mechanism is complex to make which made it relatively costly.

 

John Lothrop Motley's "Rise of the Dutch Republic"

 Click image to enlarge.

This 1908 condensed edition of Motley's "Rise of the Dutch Republic" is available for reading on-line HERE.

Though an American historian writing in English, Motley's history of the Netherlands' long, terrible war against Spain to win independence is considered the best history of this extremely important chapter in world history.

Religious tolerance for all faiths was a temporary emergency war measure. After Spain was defeated and the sovereign Republic declared, the national assembly met and considered ending religious tolerance, reverting the Netherlands to the primacy of the state religion, the Dutch Reform Church, and removing legal guarantees of the rights of worship of other religions.

But a speaker pointed out that the coalition created by tolerating all religions had made the Netherlands powerful, victorious and wealthy, and he suggested postponing for a year the vote to rescind the emergency war measure.
The temporary emergency war measure of tolerance for all religions remains in effect in the Netherlands to the present day.


09 March 2011

the cost that dare not speak its outlandish cost / the cost of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars

As the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan pass the 10-year mark -- with no hint of an end to the Afghanistan War -- it's pathetic to note how little and how rarely the American political dialogue, Democratic or Republican, mentions the COST of these wars, and the cost's sickening effect on an already sick economy.

Agreeing never to talk about the cost is VERY DIFFERENT from believing the wars are somehow free, or somehow pay for themselves.

The COST of these never-ending wars is truly America's Elephant in the Bathtub. For advocates and defenders of the wars, talking about their bizarre, staggering cost is a threat to the popular and political support the wars need to keep going.

Opponents of the war don't talk about or emphasize the bizarre cost because the cost is so outlandish that everyone is stunned into silence by these incomprehensible numbers. Especially since we know we're paying for nothing, or for worse than and less than nothing

Earlier this month we paid a huge amount for a drone attack in Afghanistan which mistook children for enemy insurgents, and killed nine Afghan children. We paid hard cash for a huge spike in the hatred the Afghan people feel for us. If our robot combat systems, directed from afar by video game pilots, can give the green light to killing nine children, it is unlikely we can quickly fix these systems to prevent further and frequent killings of Afghan children and non-combatant civilians.

We're buying an increasing accumulation of hatred from the people we expect to be happy that we continue to make war against the Taliban. a tiny remnant of al-Qaeda, and local warlords who instinctively resist any outside military which threatens their traditional control and local autonomy. They are becoming less and less happy that we insist on making war in Afghanistan.
~ ~ ~

from http://costofwar.com/en/

Cost of both wars to the United States since 2001:
$1,163,218,500,000

Cost of Iraq war to the United States since 2001:
$778,416,610,000

Cost of Afghanistan war to the United States since 2001:
$384,602,110,000

=====================

My town, Chesterfield, Massachusetts, has about 1201 people (2000 census). Here's what we've been forced to pay in taxes for the two wars.

=====================

Cost of both wars to Chesterfield MA since 2001:
$6,040,260

Cost of Iraq war to Chesterfield MA since 2001:
$4,042,093

Cost of Afghanistan war to Chesterfield MA since 2001:
$1,998,167

======================

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
May 28, 2010
11:39 AM
   
CONTACT: National Priorities Project
Christopher Hellman, Communications Liaison, 413.584.9556 or

Jo Comerford, Executive Director, 413.584.9556 

Crossing the $1 Trillion 
Cost Of War Line

NPP’s Cost of War counter 
hit $1 trillion on May 30, 2010

NORTHAMPTON, Mass. -- On May 30, 2010, at 10:06am, the National Priorities Project Cost of War counter = designed to count the total money appropriated for the Iraq and Afghanistan wars -- will reach the $1 trillion mark.

To date $747.3 billion have been appropriated for the U.S. war in Iraq and $299 billion for the war in Afghanistan.

The pending supplemental making its way through Congress will add an estimated $37 billion to the current $136.8 billion total spending for the current fiscal year, ending September 30.

What Can You Get For $1 Trillion?

Federal Funding For Higher Education -- $1 trillion would give the maximum Pell Grant award ($5,500 student loan) to all 19,000,000 U.S. college and university students for the next 9 years.

For $1 trillion, you could provide:

294,734,961 people with health care for one year, or

21,598,789 public safety officers for one year, or

17,149,392 music and arts teachers for one year, or

7,779,092 affordable housing units, or

440,762,472 children with health care for one year, or Head Start [a very successful pre-school education program] places for children for one year, or

16,427,497 elementary school teachers for one year, or

1,035,282,468 homes with renewable electricity for one year

In your community:

Taxpayers in Natick, Massachusetts will pay $206.9 million for total Iraq and Afghanistan war spending since 2001. For that amount, instead of implementing a proposed 4 percent cut for Natick's libraries in 2011, the town could double its total current library budget, and pay for it for 56 years.

Taxpayers in the Borough of Brooklyn, New York will pay $9 billion for total Iraq and Afghanistan war spending since 2001. That's enough to supply renewable electricity to every household in Brooklyn for 19 years.

As college and university tuitions grow, community colleges are increasingly popular sources of affordable education. At Greenfield Community College in Massachusetts, for the cost of the Afghanistan war "surge" (est. $37 billion) you could cover all tuition and fees for all full- and part-time (half-time) students for the next 762 semesters (381 years).  

WHAT DOES $1 TRILLION LOOK LIKE?

$1,000,000,000,000 ("1" and twelve zeros)

If you earned $1 million a year, it would take you 1 million years to earn $1 trillion.

In Dollar Bills:

If you converted $1 trillion into one dollar bills, and laid them end to end, it would reach 98 million miles. That's 4,000 times around the Earth. Its 205 trips to the Moon. And back. It's more than the distance to the Sun.

In Silver Dollars:

If someone handed you a silver dollar every second, it would take almost 32,000 years for them to hand you $1 trillion. Not that you could hold them -- they'd weigh nearly 9 million tons.

About NPP's Cost of War Counters

NPP's Cost of War counters provide information on the cost of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan for each of the 50 states.

The counters also provide cost amounts and "trade-off" data for hundreds of U.S. cities and towns.

To see NPP's Cost of War counters and our Notes & Sources, visit http://www.nationalpriorities.org/costofwar_home

###

The National Priorities Project (NPP) is a 501(c)(3) research organization that analyzes and clarifies federal data so that people can understand and influence how their tax dollars are spent.  Located in Northampton, MA, since 1983, NPP focuses on the impact of federal spending and other policies at the national, state, congressional district and local levels.  For more information, go to http://nationalpriorities.org.