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29 May 2007

war music / Kriegsmusik / musique du la guerre / musica de la guerra

"Prelude," a CD of piano performances for one hand, by Adrienne Wiley, Professor of Piano Pedagogy and Applied Piano at Central Michigan University. Wiley writes:

It is interesting to note that the right hand and arm are much more frequently injured than the left, thus about 99 percent of all single-handed piano music is written for the left hand. There is, however, a small body of works written for the right hand. There is also a substantial number of accessible educational pieces for the elementary through late intermediate/early advanced pianist adaptable for either the left or right hand ...

In America during the 1870s and 1880s, several composers, including Arthur Foote (1853-1937), produced works for one hand. One popular compositional idiom at that time was the transcription of folk melodies; thus, many of the single-handed pieces were arrangements of such familiar tunes as "Home, Sweet Home." ...

[U.S. Civil War/War Between the States: 1861-1865]

One important contributor to the single-handed repertoire during the twentieth century was pianist Paul Wittgenstein (1887-1961), who lost his right arm during the First World War. Not only did he write several books of etudes for the left hand, but he also commissioned over 40 works from well-known twentieth-century composers. His ability to commission and pay for single-handed works has provided an invaluable source of literature for pianists today.

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President George W. Bush Jr. begins a month of summer vacation at his ranch in Crawford, Texas today, the day after Memorial Day. He made a Memorial Day speech at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia. During his vacation, anti-war protesters plan to camp outside his ranch as they have in previous years.

Those who have not been soldiers tend to overlook the obvious about soldiers: They are as talented and diverse a bunch of men and women as civilians. In most wars most of them are just civilian "temps" forced into a few years of pretending to act and think like soldiers.

But in or out of uniform, they are pianists, singers, actors, baseball and football players, tango and ballet dancers, painters, dreamers, astronomers, mathematicians, writers, poets, chefs de cuisine, cowgirls and cowboys.

In a fascinating radio documentary about the US Navy aircraft carrier John C. Stennis -- a floating medium-sized city -- on war duty in the Arabian Sea revealed its bowels infested with amateur rock bands, rehearsing as far as possible from crew sleeping quarters, the music echoing down every corridor. Jimi Hendrix began his musical career playing guitar at military clubs at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, where he served as a paratrooper in the 82nd Airborne Division. When not playing popular music, he spent his time jumping out of airplanes with full pack and infantry rifle.

The Allied Coalition, led by the USA, invaded Iraq on 20 March 2003. In a speech aboard the aircraft carrier Abraham Lincoln on 1 May 2003, Commander-in-Chief Bush declared victory was achieved and our combat operations had ended; behind him was a huge "Mission Accomplished" banner.

But the war in Iraq has now lasted longer than the period from the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor to V-J (Victory over Japan) Day -- unconditional victories for America and its allies over Japan, Nazi Germany and fascist Italy. President Bush just used his veto to forbid Congress from imposing any deadline for withdrawing American troops from Iraq. There is no end in sight to this war.

Pardon this Crummy Old Wine, but when this scoundrels' and liars' war began, I wrote this for f_minor, the List devoted to the Canadian pianist Glenn Gould.

I think it's important to remember that good young pianists are getting their hands blown off over there, and good young saxophonists and dreamers are getting their heads blown off over there.

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war music / Kriegsmusik / musique du la guerre / musica de la guerra

  • To: F_MINOR@EMAIL.RUTGERS.EDU
  • Subject: war music / Kriegsmusik / musique du la guerre / musica de la guerra
  • From: Elmer Elevator
  • Date: Sun, 23 Mar 2003 13:29:38 -0500
  • Delivered-to: f_minor@email.rutgers.edu
  • Reply-to: Elmer Elevator
  • Sender: "Mailing list devoted to the discussion of Glenn Gould's work and life."
Dearest f_minorites everywhere,
One feature of my cable TV system is about fifty genre channels of FM-quality continuous music. The other day I looked up at the screen and noticed that one of its classical channels was playing a piano piece for orchestra and right hand (sorry I didn't copy down the title).
From the style and era, I suspect I knew the naughty little secret about the composition, which wasn't mentioned in the screen's "fun facts."
In the decade following World War I, a large body of piano music was composed for one-hand piano, because a large number of Europe's most promising and gifted young pianists returned from the war missing a hand or an arm. I've heard quite a few of these pieces, and surprisingly very few of them are maudlin or somber or funereal or grim, they're usually quite upbeat and major key, yet none could be described as Pollyannaesque. Just because you play the piano and have had one of your hands blown off or amputated is no reason to want to live out the rest of your musical life playing the blues, and most of the composers were pretty hip to this.
As much of the Internet has heated up and boiled over because of this ghastly and (to me) inexplicable war, f_minor seems to have fallen largely silent. There is a protocol, usually unspoken, about lists like this, and I suspect most of us with deep feelings about this grotesque war feel a bit embarrassed about groping around to link it to Glenn Gould.
And then another difficulty, or oddity, or embarrassment: this List originates in the USA, and conducts nearly all its business in the English language. It is just possible that the more polite among us don't want to hurt anyone's feelings -- Continental Europe has expressed very different and very heated feelings about this war from the official positions of the governments of the UK and the USA.
And that's to the wonderful credit of the highest values of this civilized, educated and cultured bunch. War makes it seem quirky and odd -- people getting their piano hands shot off in large numbers, and other people not wanting to hurt anyone's feelings.
Well, I will dutifully provide a link to the List topic. GG provided the Bach score to the movie version of one of world literature's most moving first-person testaments of the rain of war death on civilians from the sky: "Slaughterhouse Five." (It only seems like a goofy science fiction novel; Vonnegut was a young enlisted American soldier when he was sent as a prisoner of war just in time to witness and barely survive the firebombing of Dresden -- a city whose contribution to the war effort was the manufacture of exquisite porcelain figurines.)
Link provided, I will now speak to this remarkable crew -- the skimmed cream and the stewards and guardians of whatever this world can honestly claim to have created of beauty, thought, culture -- about this dreadful war, and war in general.
Perhaps once in a long lifetime, perhaps no more than once in a century, a war does indeed take place that must be fought FOR good and decent and human and humane things. I am thinking of one war in particular; its guns finally fell silent two years before I was born. A century earlier, for Americans, the shame and scourge of slavery ended because of a monstrous, ruinous, fratricidal war, although all my reading and all my visits to its great battlefields cannot convince me that slavery could not have somehow been ended, nearly as swiftly, through ideas, pursuasion, through the peaceful arts of a democracy.
Since 1945, the world has been plagued by a continuing string of wars that I cannot possibly classify as having had any necessary or possible virtues, except the most primitive virtue of exhausting and finally ending itself. In recent decades, younger historians have stopped talking about World War I and World War II, and have just described the unhappy 20th century as the Century of War. To the dead, to the maimed, to the veteran, to the refugee, the distinctions between wars do indeed seem small, or trivial, or non-existent.
I myself am a veteran of one of these meaningless, inexplicable and very long wars, and served two conscripted years far, I am happy to report, from the sounds of guns, typing dutifully away (you have probably noticed I am a very verbose typist with few errors), often in air-conditioned offices; I could not have requested a safer and more inoccuous soldier experience, though I braved death daily and nightly aboard my beloved Triumph motorcycle. Many of my friends were not nearly so fortunate, and if I had the courage, I could find their names engraved on the Vietnam War Memorial in my hometown of Washington DC; I visit Washington often and have scrupulously never visited it.
If the wars since 1945 have drifted into a pattern of meaninglessness and mindless slaughter and waste, this current war threatens to establish and enshrine a new pattern for the future of America and the world: America as The New Rome, the world's most powerful military and economic machine demanding that its will be obeyed throughout the world, or murderous consequences will be projected to whomever we perceive is defying us.
America in the past has indeed experimented with "gunboat diplomacy" both actively and theatrically; when President Theodore Roosevelt sent our new huge warfleet around the world, not a shot was fired in anger, but a very clear message was delivered in every port where our cannons boomed a "diplomatic" salute. (One of the hydrogen bombs dropped on the Soviets in "Dr. Strangelove" is graffitied "HI THERE.") But I do not think that this was really ever what most Americans wanted America to do or to represent to our neighbors throughout the world.
The phrase "Pax Americana" is being bandied about in the world's newspapers -- a peace designed and maintained by the threat of the quick projection of overwhelming military force, like the Pax Romana and Pax Brittanica of old.
If anyone is curious, I do not want to be a citizen of The New Rome; I do not want a Pax Americana -- except a Jimmy Carter style of diplomatic American leadership. If we are big, rich and powerful, let us content ourselves to express it in treaties and peaceful pursuasion, a vision which just earned Mr. Carter the Nobel Peace Prize. The "impossible" peace treaty he brokered between Egypt and Israel lasts to this moment, though no one can promise it will survive President Bush's actions in the Middle East.
Diplomacy, and the peaceful and verbal sorting out of sovereign disputes, is so very frustrating and tedious and time-consuming.
War, on the other hand, is so simple and emotionally satisfying, and boils away all controversy.
We here should not, I think, feel embarrassed or fall silent at such moments because our thoughts and loves are of beauty and the highest achievements of culture. We are the stewards of the only human-made things which make Earth an interesting and unique place to visit or eavesdrop on. No matter how many intelligent and advanced civilizations there exist in our Milky Way galaxy -- tens of thousands is the guess of Sagan and his expert colleagues -- there is only one Mozart in the whole Universe, and only, for that matter, one Glenn Gould to interpret him sublimely or wrong-headedly.
One of my soft spots for World War II is because, in the 1930s, as he saw the handwriting on the wall, a German labor union activist buried his beloved treasury of phonograph records of the live performances of Kurt Weill's and Bertolt Brecht's cabaret and opera music in oilcloth in his backyard, and then fled one step ahead of the Gestapo. When he returned in '46, he dug it up again, and I've had the wonderful pleasure of hearing CD transcriptions of these original squawky recordings from the '20s and '30s, in German and French, with Lotte Lenya's tremulous and beautiful voice. Wars are accompanied, far too rarely, by these desperate moments of the preservation and salvation of beauty. I have been told that the Swedes authentically revere the historical Baron von Munchausen -- a genuine lecher, parasite and sociopathic liar -- because he likewise buried and saved some gorgeous ancient tapestries one step ahead of an advancing army, and they can still be viewed today in Upsula.
Iraq -- Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Uruk, Ur -- is honeycombed with ancient treasures; it is one of the cradles of world civilization. They invented, among other things, writing, the preservation of records and literature and science, in wedge-shaped marks on soft clay, which baked in the sun and then proved to be remarkably survivable over millennia. They could predict solar and lunar eclipses -- an astonishing achievement not to be matched by our science for 4000 years. And yet we moderns have only begun to get a glimpse of and to translate these ancient treasures starting around 1880.
Each modern high-explosive war that descends on this land destroys our own heritage and history unrecoverably and forever.
George Orwell was only the first visionary to suggest that a future world that designs itself around perpetual (and meaningless) war would first strive to erase the history of the world; knowing our own history intimately always boils up passions to preserve and save and to know more of our ancient heritage. A world robbed of contact with its past is a world that can be sold on any idea, however nonsensical or genocidal or suicidal, however many past times it was tried with terrible results.
And yet I would argue that no one who has read "Gilgamesh" (I strongly urge Herbert Warren Mason Jr.'s beautiful translation) can wish MOAB -- America's recently unveiled "Mother Of All Bombs" -- to fall on this land, to pulverize the treasures that still remain of our nursery. You will find no apologies from me for Sadaam Hussein, but at his worst he is a thing of the blink of an eye, but "Gilgamesh" (there are still many missing sections, though they are almost certainly waiting somewhere underground) and the rest of Mesopotamia's yet undiscovered treasures are the fragile things of ages. A huge volume of these treasures will be reduced to dust by this war.
If we are truly Not Like Him, then we need to prove that by finding ways to do good and necessary things in the world in peaceful, diplomatic, broadly supported ways which prove to the world that we are Not Like Him.
Well, thank you all for suffering through these words. Quite simply, I did not want this war. I spent a lovely four hours in jail, with the loveliest and most thoughtful fellow criminals, protesting the first Iraqi war and perhaps will book myself into the same jail to protest this one. I am unabashedly a pacifist, stuck in a very flawed world where perhaps one war per century must just play itself out and then have some claim that good things were accomplished.
But not this one. A speedy end to it, and no more of them. I wish us all the preservation of beauty, and of course the safety of all our sisters and brothers, of every child of God, in any uniform, in any style of civilian dress.
Bob Merkin
Northampton Massachusetts USA

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